Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine

Peer-review medical journal

 

Editor-in-chief

Publisher

Journal founders

  • Russian Association of Forensic Medical Experts (link).
  • Eco-Vector Publishing group (link)

About

The peer-review medical journal "Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine" aimed to provide the very latest information both in research, practical and educational areas related to a wide range of fields across the forensic sciences. Fields include forensic pathology and histochemistry, chemistry, biochemistry and toxicology, biology, serology, odontology, psychiatry, anthropology, digital forensics, the physical sciences, firearms, and document examination, as well as investigations of value to public health in its broadest sense, and the important marginal area where science and medicine interact with the law. The journal publishers original researches, reviews, case reports, commentaries, letters to the editor, clinical and laboratory observations by Russian and international authors, pertinent to readers in CIS countries and around the world.  View full aims & scope

Publication frequency

  • Quarterly, 4 issues per year
  • Continuously Ahead-of-Print (Online First)

 

 

Language

  • English
  • Russian
  • Chinese

Distribution

  • Hybrid access: Subscription and Optional Open Access under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivates 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

Indexing

APC

  • "Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine" charges APC (Article Processing Charge), and this is clearly flagged in the journal's guide for authors and during the submission process. All monies derived from APC are used to support the editorial preparation, Open Access for published articles, journal development and article selection procedures.

  • "Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine" do not levy any mandatory additional fees from authors (NO Article Submission Charge, NO Color Images Charge, NO Charge per Page).

  • The fee for paid editorial services can be reduced or voided at the request of any authors team. For more information on APCs please see Author Guidelines page.

Announcements More Announcements...

 

Vladimir A. Klevno, founder and first editor-in-chief of the Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine, passed away.

Posted: 25.08.2023

At the 69th year of life after a long and serious illness, Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences Vladimir A. Klevno passed away.
We remember, love and grieve.


 

XVI conference of young scientists and specialists “Forensic medical science and practice”

Posted: 15.03.2023

November 11, 2022, the Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry n.a. A.I. Evdokimov in conjunction with the Bureau of Forensic Medical Examination of the Moscow Department of Health held the XVI Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists and Specialists "Forensic Science and Practice."

Detail available here: https://www.msmsu.ru/obrazovanie/student/studentu/facultet-cafedra/lechebnyy_fakultet/kafedra-sudebnoy-meditsiny-i-meditsinskogo-prava/scientific/ 


 

Current Issue

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Vol 10, No 1 (2024)

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Full Issue

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Restricted Access Access granted
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ORIGINAL STUDY ARTICLES

Chipping pedophiles as an alternative to chemical castration
Mukanov M.R., Begaliyev Y.N.
Abstract

BACKGROUND: This study considers chipping of persons who have committed sexual crimes against minors as an alternative to chemical castration. The fact that the issue of punishment for crimes against sexual inviolability of minors is less prioritized than the issue of prevention of these crimes is confirmed by disappointing statistics.

AIM: To identify the advantages and disadvantages of chipping pedophiles in comparison with chemical castration.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study analyzed the current legislation of Kazakhstan on the issue of chemical castration and chipping of pedophiles. SWOT analysis was used to determine the positive and negative aspects of chipping in pedophiles.

RESULTS: Currently, the chipping of certain categories of citizens is illegal; however, there exists a legislative regulation of the use of electronic means of tracking suspects and convicted persons. Such means may well include biochips, and the expediency of enshrining chipping in criminal legislation as another coercive measure of medical nature has been substantiated.

CONCLUSION: Chipping is cheaper than chemical castration from an economic point of view and safer from a medical point of view. The only reason chipping remains inferior to chemical castration is the issue of legislative regulation and data security, the solution of which is a matter of time.

In conclusion, chipping pedophiles is a more effective and cheaper alternative to chemical castration. SWOT analysis showed the strengths and weaknesses of chipping pedophiles and the opportunities of this technology and potential threats to its use. Thus, the predominance of the strengths of technology over its weaknesses was revealed.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):5-14
pages 5-14 views

REVIEWS

To the problem of medical-forensic procedure of remote examination of living persons: a scientific review
Badanova A.N., Begaliyev Y.N., Shabanov V.B., Seraliyeva A.M., Shayakhmetova Z.B.
Abstract

This article describes the aspects of conducting a remote medical examination. The norms of the criminal procedure legislation of Kazakhstan and foreign countries regulating the procedure for conducting medical examinations, remote investigative actions, and scientific publications of researchers in the field of medicine are considered. A literature review on the study topic revealed studies of scientists on aspects of conducting medical examinations, problems arising during their production, and a description of individual medical cases conducted remotely and noted the lack of comprehensive holistic studies, including an algorithm of actions, the legal basis for conducting a medical examination in a remote format, and the practical advantages of their production.

Considering the generalization of scientific works and analysis of domestic and foreign legislation on the subject, the authors propose an algorithm for conducting medical examinations in an online format. In the present work, a SWOT analysis of remote medical examinations was performed, and the positive and negative aspects of the introduction of remote medical examinations were determined. The trends and risks of their implementation in practice are considered.

Based on the analysis of the national mechanism for conducting medical examinations and research and adaptation of the norms of foreign legislation on the issue under consideration, proposals have been formulated to improve the steps of medical examinations. The proposed algorithm for conducting remote medical examinations will allow solving some practical problems, which will significantly increase the efficiency of their production.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):15-25
pages 15-25 views
Forensic examination of the biochip as a means of preventing child trafficking: a review
Myrzabaev N.K., Begaliyev Y.N., Kuanaliyeva G.A., Baimakhanov A.A., Kuranbek Z.A.
Abstract

The practice of using chipping to preserve the life and health of children and protect them from committing crimes is spreading in different countries.

This article examines the problems in child chipping from legal, forensic, social, and technological points of view to identify the advantages and disadvantages of the method in preventing child trafficking.

Available regulatory documents on the topic were used in the present study. This article highlights the position of the legislation of Kazakhstan regarding chipping, concludes on the compliance of legislation with modern realities, and considers chipping in compliance with the Constitution of Kazakhstan.

Ways to solve the problem of forensic examination of the biochip as a means of preventing child trafficking were proposed. A SWOT analysis of the use of a biochip was performed to resolve the issue of its application in the field under consideration, which revealed the advantages and disadvantages of the method.

The expediency and legality of chipping in minors to prevent crimes and the impact of technology on children were comprehensively studied. This study is of practical importance as it introduces into legal science a new comprehensive view of chipping and its application in minors.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):26-36
pages 26-36 views
Criminalistic aspects of torture using an artificial intelligence system: a review
Chonbayev Y.G., Begaliyev Y.N., Kuanaliyeva G.A., Imashev B.M., Avgustkhan S.A.
Abstract

The article discusses the use of artificial intelligence to identify violations and deficiencies in forensic institutions and law enforcement agencies and chipping employees of criminal prosecution agencies to prevent illegal investigative methods, including torture.

The legislation of foreign countries regulating the procedures for conducting medical research and investigating cases of torture is considered.

Regarding obtaining high-quality materials for examining the scene of an accident and using their results during a forensic medical study, the authors proposed a modular kit for recording the results of an inspection of the scene (utility model patent dated August 4, 2023).

This study proposed a procedure for using artificial intelligence to improve the quality of work of criminal prosecution bodies and forensic institutions. A SWOT analysis of the use of artificial intelligence to improve the quality of law enforcement agencies and forensic institutions was conducted. Based on the results, the positive and negative aspects of the use of artificial intelligence were determined.

Based on the analysis of the national mechanism for conducting forensic research, proposals have been developed to improve the work of investigators and forensic experts.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):37-46
pages 37-46 views
Biochipping in forensic medicine as a technology for determining readiness to cause harm: a review
Tukenova Z.S., Alikperov K.D., Begaliyev Y.N., Seraliyeva A.M., Shayakhmetova Z.B.
Abstract

This article evaluated the issues of determining consent to harm as grounds for excluding crime through the prism of the totality of mental and physiological processes in the victim’s body, considering the analysis of the emotional attitude to the traumatic situation. Existing practice is based on the testimony and position of the injured party and the absence of physical signs of resistance as an indicator of consent to harm.

The materials of the study were the norms of the criminal legislation of Kazakhstan and foreign states on the meaning of the victim’s consent to harm his or her peers and interests, particularly in cases of sexual inviolability. A literature review on this topic revealed the relationship between the subjective attitude of the victim of violence and chemical and physiological processes in the body.

The achievements of scientists in determining chemical and physiological signs of stress in real time using bioanalysts-biochips were analyzed. Based on the results, generalization of scientific works, and analysis of legislation on the subject, the evidentiary value of these technologies to determine the consent of the victim in the absence of signs of stress at the time of exposure were considered.

The use of biochips with analyzers of chemical and physiological changes in the human body in real time will not only determine the stress state of the victim at the time of the attack, as a sign of consent or refusal to act, but also expand the possibilities of forensic medicine and general practical medicine in early diagnosis of diseases and prompt treatment. Furthermore, a SWOT analysis of the use of biocyping to resolve the issue of determining the victim’s consent to harm, excluding the possibility of manipulation and falsification of evidence, was performed.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):47-55
pages 47-55 views
On the issue of ensuring the protection of personal data by chipping: a review
Amirov A.M., Begaliyev Y.N., Baimakhanov A.A., Bakhteev D.V.
Abstract

This article presents the results of research regarding the chipping of certain types of persons.

The authors aimed to determine the effectiveness of this mechanism for protecting personal data, as an examination tool, and for medical purposes.

The norms of the legislation of Kazakhstan and foreign countries concerning chipping, scientific publications on the subject, and the conduct of expert examinations were studied. Studies in which the problems of computer-technical examinations and successful application of the newest technologies in medicine and forensic medical examinations were singled out. Notably, there are no holistic studies concerning the possibility of chipping citizens or the application of this technology in various aspects, including forensic examinations.

According to research results, generalization of scientists’ works, and analysis of legislation, chipping of individual citizens was proposed. In this study, SWOT analysis of the issues related to the chipping of certain types of persons for the protection of personal data and for other purposes was performed. The strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to the implementation of this technology were considered.

Based on the analysis and research of the legislation, chipping of law enforcement officers, civil servants, employees of organizations that have access to state databases of personal data, and employees of organizations that are the owner or operator of non-state databases has been proposed. The proposed mechanism has several advantages and may increase security, reduce unauthorized access to information, and minimize the probable unlawful manifestations in relation to personal data and data with limited access.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):56-67
pages 56-67 views
Use of an underwater drone during the study of drowned bodies: a review
Zhantureyev Z.Z., Begaliyev Y.N., Aubakirova A.A., Bertleuov S.S.
Abstract

This article describes the effectiveness of an unmanned underwater vehicle (underwater drone) in searching for drowned people in reservoirs and the impact of an underwater drone on the production of forensic medical examination in drowning.

The article considers the norms of legislation that regulate the procedure for using an underwater drone in the criminalistic support of crime investigations.

This study considered the norms of legislation that regulate the use of scientific and technical means in criminology and scientific publications of researchers in the field of forensic medical examination. A SWOT analysis of the use of an underwater drone to improve the quality of crime investigation was performed. The results of the study revealed the positive and negative aspects of the use of an underwater drone in investigations.

Based on the results of generalization of scientific papers and analysis of the use of scientific and technical means in the activities of law enforcement agencies in foreign countries, the use of an underwater drone for examining corpses in water was proposed. An underwater drone can reach places inaccessible to humans and help identify key details of the crime. During investigation of drowning crimes, underwater drones enables the analysis of the condition of the victim’s body without bringing it to the surface, which facilitates further investigation.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):68-78
pages 68-78 views
Use of chipping technology and DNA identification in identifying a minor: a review
Doszhanova A.B., Begaliyev Y.N., Kurmangali Z.K., Imashev B.M.
Abstract

This study examines the possibility of using juvenile offender identification technologies such as chipping and DNA identification. Chipping requires finding a balance between security and respect for the child’s privacy. The use of newer genetic technologies is promising. The creation of a DNA database contributes to the improvement of law enforcement agencies, especially by increasing the possibility of criminal identification. However, the collection of genetic material from minors is challenging for several reasons, which requires ways to overcome them.

To study the problems and prospects of the use of information and communication technologies in the identification of juvenile offenders in Kazakhstan, a comparative legal analysis is used, which allows to identify the possibility of using chipping and genomic identification. Currently, the Kazakhstani society rejects the possibility of chipping people, much less children. Therefore, it is crucial to consider all aspects and carefully analyze possible consequences before deciding on this technology.

Presently, the activity of law enforcement agencies of the republic is unthinkable without the use of information technologies. To improve this process, new modern systems of personal identification and a database of biometric parameters should be developed. The main obstacle of chipping in minors in any of its variants (implanting a chip under the skin or sewing it into school uniforms) is legislative regulation and ethical barriers, whereas the unique biometric technology — DNA identification — has several advantages in establishing the identity of citizens, including minors. In this regard, there is a need for a unified legislative regulation of state biometric registration.

The comparative analysis of technologies showed that DNA identification is a more promising and regulated procedure at this stage. Thus, possible directions for the use of this method in the course of establishing the identity of a minor are described.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):79-87
pages 79-87 views
Use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine: a review
Sadykov M.B., Begaliyev Y.N., Bakhteev D.V., Kaziyeva A.N., Khussainov O.B.
Abstract

This article outlines some aspects of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine.

An overview of the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination is provided, as well as a definition of the ethical and legal issues of integrating artificial intelligence and human chipping into forensic medical examination.

This article discusses the work of scientists of Kazakhstan and foreign countries aimed at studying the use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medical examination. Notably, the greatest application of artificial intelligence systems at this stage of development of science and technology has been found in forensic psychiatry. We noted the lack of research on the use of human microchipping for forensic purposes. In general, studies addressing the synergy between artificial intelligence and human chipping for use in forensic medicine and the legal and ethical aspects of their use in this area are limited.

Considering the generalization of scientific works and analysis of domestic and foreign experience on the issue, we present the ethical and legal aspects of the integration of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine. Owing to the lack of sufficient sources in modern scientific literature devoted to the integrated use of artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic examination as a whole, a SWOT analysis was conducted, which showed that these technologies have some advantages and opportunities regarding efficiency and accuracy.

Based on a study of the literature and practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping have been identified, which can be divided into several key areas: confidentiality and data security, informed consent, ownership, and control.

Furthermore, based on the literature and the practice of using artificial intelligence and human chipping in forensic medicine, legal aspects related to the synergy of artificial intelligence and human chipping were identified, which can be divided into several key areas: respect for autonomy, confidentiality and ethics of data processing, lack of harm, and informed consent.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):88-98
pages 88-98 views
Role of virtual reality in advancing forensic medical examination in cases of occupational safety violations: a review
Kassenova S.O., Voyevodkin D.V.
Abstract

This article discusses the prospects for introducing innovative technologies in the form of virtual and augmented reality when conducting forensic examinations of certain categories of criminal cases, such as violations of labor protection rules. Problematic aspects are revealed when conducting inspections of crime scenes in hard-to-reach areas with possible risks to people.

Based on a generalization of scientific works and practical experience of foreign countries, the application of innovations in scientific and technological progress in forensic examinations were analyzed.

The authors proposed an algorithm for conducting forensic examination in the field of labor protection using virtual reality technology, as well as its further application in legal proceedings. The proposed algorithm can serve as basis for the development of more effective and safe methods for conducting forensic examinations in virtual reality.

The development of detailed 3D injury models that simulate real-life accident scenarios will enable more accurate and objective injury assessments. Moreover, compared to traditional forensics, the use of virtual reality technology ensures high accuracy of measurements and coverage of the entire object under investigation, significantly reduces operating time, and stores all received information in its original state, which is an excellent opportunity to recreate the scene of an incident in real time.

The introduction of virtual reality into forensic examination in cases of violation of labor protection rules will contribute to efficiency, objectivity, completeness, and ensuring the reliability of not only the conclusions of forensic examinations but also legal proceedings in general. Additionally, this direction of technology development represents significant benefits for the judicial system, contributing to the reduction of time and fair trials in the field of labor protection and in other categories of criminal cases.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):99-112
pages 99-112 views

BOOK REVIEWS

Review of the guide for doctors by M.A. Kislov “Forensic neuropathology. Craniocerebral and spinal trauma”
Maksimov A.V.
Abstract

The author reviews the scientific and practical publication prepared by the Doctor of Medical Sciences, associate Professor M.A. Kislov, titled “Forensic neuropathology. Craniocerebral and spinal injury.”

The manual contains a detailed and accurate analysis of the pathological, physical, biochemical, and molecular genetic processes involved in nervous system disorders in cases of head and cervical spinal column injuries.

The scientific work is a timely review of the latest achievements in the field of clinical and forensic neuropathology.

This publication is recommended to doctors of forensic medical experts, pathologists, neuropathologists, neurosurgeons, and doctors of other specialties interested in and dealing with central nervous system disorders of traumatic genesis.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):113-117
pages 113-117 views
Review of the monograph "Improving the forensic medical examination of a corpse" O.B. Dolgova, V.I. Starodubov, P.O. Romodanovsky, N.V. Nozhkina
Kislov M.A.
Abstract

The author gives a review of the monograph "Improving the forensic medical examination of a corpse", prepared by a team of authors O.B. Dolgova, V.I. Starodubov, P.O. Romodanovsky, N.V. Nozhkina.

The monograph is devoted to a scientific approach to improving the forensic medical examination of a corpse, contains data on the regulatory and legal regulation of expert activities and scientific and methodological quality assurance of examinations, the authors present the results of an analysis of the opinions of state bodies and the medical service on the process of forensic medical examinations, data on forensic diagnostics of violent and nonviolent death, criteria and approaches to assess the qualitative component of expert activity; the concept of effective stage-by-stage training of a forensic medical expert at a medical university is proposed, the importance of the quality of forensic medical examination for improving methods of diagnosis and treatment of patients in medical organizations is determined.

The publication is intended for forensic medical experts and medical practitioners, health care organizers, residents, graduate students studying in the specialty "forensic medical examination", including it can be recommended to judicial investigative authorities and a wide range of readers.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):118-122
pages 118-122 views

NEWS

About the work of the XVII Scientific and Practical Conference of Young Scientists and Specialists “Forensic medical science and practice”
Barinov E.K., Fokin A.S.
Abstract

On December 7, 2023, the Department of Forensic Medicine and Medical Law Russian University of Medicine of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation jointly with the Forensic Medical Expertise Bureau of the Moscow Health Department held the XVII Scientific and Practical Conference of young scientists and specialists "Forensic Science and Practice". The conference was attended by future forensic physicians ― students, residents and postgraduates, teachers of forensic medicine departments of medical universities of the Russian Federation, as well as novice forensic experts and their experienced supervisors.

Professor E.Kh. Barinov in his welcoming speech to the participants of the conference told about the history of such events in Moscow, noted their scientific and practical significance, which contributes both to the formation of interest of the young generation of specialists in scientific research, and the acquisition of experience in public speaking and versatile discussions.

In the main part of the day the reports of the conference participants were delivered followed by discussion of the topics raised.

At the closing of the event, the high level of preparation of the speakers was noted and a detailed analysis of the speeches was presented. The Organising Committee wished the young scientists, specialists and their supervisors success in continuing their work on the selected topics.

Russian Journal of Forensic Medicine. 2024;10(1):123-128
pages 123-128 views


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